📘 NCERT-Style Worked Examples (8)
Example 3.23
Wire bent into a circle
Resistance across a diameter
Example 3.24
Equivalent resistance A–B
Network reduction
Example 3.26
Resistance A–B and A–D
Two reference points
Example 3.27
Effective resistance A–B
Ladder network
Example 3.28
Equivalent resistance of a ladder
Ladder reduction
Example 3.29
Equivalent resistance A–B
Hidden parallel
Example 3.32(i)
R between P and Q
Symmetric bridge
Example 3.33
Infinite ladder — R between A and B
Self-similar trick
🔢 Numbered Q-cards (4)
Q29 · Q30
Resistance between two points
Triangle / bridge
Q60
Equivalent resistance A–B
Five resistors with jumpers
Q101 · Q102
Equivalent resistance A–B
Bridge problem
Ammeter Reading
Redrawn 12 V Network
Find I through the ammeter
🛠 Reduction Techniques (3)
Technique
Symmetry reduction
R between A and B
Technique
Reducing the jumpered chain
R between A and B
Network
Equivalent resistance A–E
Five-node network
🔋 Cells · Voltmeters · Ammeters · Ex 3.34 → 3.49 (11)
Example 3.34
EMF & internal resistance
Voltmeter reading of a cell
Example 3.35
Battery, ammeter & resistor in series
Circuit current with real cell
Example 3.36
Real voltmeter — % error
Finite meter resistance
Example 3.37
Crossed-square network
Reduction by node-merging
Example 3.38
PD across two batteries (aiding)
Cells in series
Example 3.39
Equivalent battery — series + parallel
Combined EMF & \(r_{\text{eq}}\)
Example 3.40
Cells in parallel
Weighted-average EMF form
Example 3.41
Minimum cells — mixed grouping
Choose \(n, m\) to meet load
Example 3.42
Best grouping of 36 cells
Max current for fixed total
Example 3.43
Max current — 12 cells
Optimize \(R = nr/m\)
Example 3.49
Maximum power rating
Safe-current from wattage